Air conditioners work hard to keep homes comfortable, especially during peak summer months. Like any other system, they can develop issues over time. Some problems are minor, while others require professional repairs. Understanding the most common AC repairs can help homeowners spot issues early and prevent costly breakdowns.
Refrigerant is essential for cooling the air inside a home. When an AC unit has a refrigerant leak, it won’t cool efficiently. Signs of a leak include:
Leaks can occur due to corrosion, factory defects, or physical damage. A professional HVAC technician can locate the leak, repair it, and recharge the system with the correct amount of refrigerant.
Evaporator coils absorb heat from indoor air. If they freeze, the AC system won’t function properly. Common causes include:
When coils freeze, the AC may short cycle or stop cooling altogether. Turning off the unit and allowing it to thaw before addressing the root cause can help prevent further damage.
Condenser coils, located in the outdoor unit, release heat absorbed from inside the home. When they get covered in dirt, dust, and debris, the AC has to work harder to cool. Symptoms of dirty coils include:
Regularly cleaning the outdoor unit and scheduling professional maintenance can keep condenser coils functioning properly.
AC units remove moisture from the air, and that water drains through a condensate line. Over time, the line can clog with dirt, mold, or algae, leading to:
Flushing the drain line with a vinegar solution or using a wet/dry vacuum to clear blockages can prevent water damage and keep the system running smoothly.
Capacitors provide the electrical charge needed to start the compressor and keep it running. If they fail, the AC unit may struggle to turn on or shut off unexpectedly. Signs of a bad capacitor include:
Replacing a faulty capacitor is a common and relatively inexpensive repair that ensures the system operates reliably.
Thermostats control the temperature settings of an AC system. When they malfunction, they can cause:
Simple fixes include checking the batteries, recalibrating the thermostat, or upgrading to a smart thermostat for more precise control.
The fan motor helps circulate air over the evaporator coil and through the duct system. Over time, the motor can wear out due to:
A failing fan motor can cause weak airflow, overheating, and unusual noises. If the motor burns out completely, the AC won’t function until it’s replaced.
Wiring problems, tripped breakers, or damaged contactors can prevent an AC unit from operating. Electrical issues may cause:
Hiring an HVAC technician to inspect and repair faulty wiring ensures the system runs safely and efficiently.
The compressor is the heart of an AC system, responsible for circulating refrigerant. If it fails, the system won’t cool properly. Common causes of compressor failure include:
Replacing a compressor is one of the most expensive AC repairs, so regular maintenance can help extend its lifespan.
Weak airflow can be caused by several issues, including:
Changing air filters regularly and inspecting ductwork for leaks can help maintain strong airflow and prevent overworking the AC unit.
While some AC problems are unavoidable, regular maintenance can prevent many issues. Homeowners can:
Taking proactive steps keeps an AC system running efficiently and extends its lifespan. Addressing small problems early can prevent costly repairs down the road.